No cure; treatment focuses on managing symptoms and improving quality of life; outcomes vary, and ongoing management may be necessary
Blepharospasm is involuntary blinking or spasms of the eyelids. It can be a focal dystonia. Treatment may include botulinum toxin injections, medications, and, in severe cases, surgery.
Involuntary muscle contractions causing repetitive blinking or eyelid closure
Involuntary blinking, eyelid spasms
Clinical assessment, exclusion of secondary causes
Generally favorable, with sustained improvement
Functional impairment, psychosocial impact
Unknown cause, possibly related to nerve dysfunction
Botulinum toxin injections, medications, sometimes surgery
Botulinum toxin injections, medications, sometimes surgery
Prevalent in older adults, primarily idiopathic
Participation in support groups can enhance coping strategies
Please note that the information provided is based on the current understanding of these conditions and treatments may vary based on individual circumstances. Always consult with a healthcare provider for accurate information.
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